All about Saint Thomas Aquinas: Life, Thought and Influence

Why is Saint Thomas celebrated on January 28th?

The liturgical feast of Saint Thomas Aquinas is celebrated on January 28th in honor of the transfer of his relics in 1369 to the church of the Jacobins in Toulouse. This date was chosen to honor the memory of this great theologian and Doctor of the Church. Canonized in 1323 by Pope John XXII, Saint Thomas is recognized for his major role in the construction of Christian theology and scholastic thought. The choice of January 28th also reflects the Church's veneration for his works, which continue to influence Christian doctrine today.

Beyond this commemoration, this day is an opportunity for believers to reflect on his immense contribution to faith and to ask for his intercession in times of doubt or intellectual quest.

5 Surprising Facts About Saint Thomas Aquinas

• The "Dumb Ox": Although nicknamed this by his peers due to his silence, Saint Thomas impressed his teacher Albert the Great, who declared that his teachings "would resound throughout the world." This nickname reflected his discretion, but hid an exceptional intellectual depth.
• An early defender of philosophy: He dared to incorporate Aristotle's thinking, a bold move in his time, to enrich Christian theology. This synthesis showed that faith and reason could coexist harmoniously.
• A global influence: His writings, such as the "Summa Theologica" and the "Summa Contra Gentiles," remain pillars of theological teaching. They have been translated into many languages and studied by generations of philosophers and theologians.
• A miracle before his death: Shortly before his death, Saint Thomas is said to have had such an intense divine vision that he declared everything he had written up until that point seemed "like straw." This mystical experience underscores his humility before the divine mystery.
• A universal saint: Saint Thomas is venerated not only in the Catholic Church but also respected by many Christian traditions for his rational approach to faith.

Saint Thomas: Patron of Those Who Doubt

Saint Thomas Aquinas is often regarded as a guide for those who go through moments of doubt or spiritual questioning. Indeed, he himself explored complex issues concerning the existence of God, human nature, and the purpose of life. His intellectual and methodical approach demonstrated that faith can be enriched by reason.

For those seeking answers, his writings offer clear and logical arguments to explain spiritual truths. He is a model for believers who wish to deepen their faith while remaining open to rational reflection.

The Role of Saint Thomas in Christian Philosophy and Theology

Saint Thomas revolutionized Christian theology by incorporating Aristotelian philosophy. His "Five Proofs for the Existence of God" are among his most famous contributions. These logical and methodical proofs show that human reason can point toward the existence of a creator:

1. Motion: Every movement requires a first mover, which Thomas identifies as God.
2. Efficient Cause: Every effect has a cause, and God is the first cause of everything.
3. Contingency: The existence of contingent things implies the existence of a necessary being, God.
4. Degrees of Perfection: The various degrees of quality observed in the world suggest an ultimate perfection, which is God.
5. Finality: Everything in the universe seems to be directed towards a specific end, orchestrated by a superior intelligence, God.

These arguments, though philosophical, serve as the foundation for a deeper understanding of the Christian faith. Saint Thomas also emphasized that faith, while beyond reason, is never opposed to it.

Symbols Associated with Saint Thomas Aquinas

In religious art, Saint Thomas is often depicted with attributes reflecting his role and thought:

• The Book: A symbol of his immense knowledge and foundational writings.
• The Pen: Representing his status as a Doctor of the Church and his role in teaching.
• The Sun on His Chest: Evoking the light of divine truth that he sought and transmitted.

These symbols remind us of his devotion to the search for truth and his lasting influence in Christian theology.

How to Celebrate Saint Thomas at Home?

To celebrate Saint Thomas' feast, here are a few suggestions:

• Read an excerpt from the "Summa Theologica" to deepen your understanding of his thought.
• Organize a family prayer asking for his intercession and help in the quest for truth.
• Share his story and teachings with your loved ones, especially children, to inspire them to combine faith and reason.

These activities allow you to honor this great thinker and saint while strengthening family faith.

FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About Saint Thomas Aquinas

• What was his main belief?

  Saint Thomas believed that faith and reason were complementary, and that divine truth could be discovered through human intelligence.

• Who formulated the 5 proofs for the existence of God?

  The 5 proofs for the existence of God were formulated by Saint Thomas Aquinas in his "Summa Theologica".

• What is the difference between faith and reason according to him?

  According to Saint Thomas, faith reveals truths that are inaccessible to reason, but reason can help understand and deepen faith.